在自闭症谱系障碍中识别大脑功能亚型和相应的任务性能配置文件.
1The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Molecular psychiatry
|June 20, 2025
概括
研究人员使用脑成像和眼睛跟踪识别了两种不同的自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 亚型. 这些神经行为亚型显示出不同的功能性大脑网络模式,突出显示了对自闭症谱系障碍进行个性化干预的需要.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 在临床症状中表现出显著的异质性,需要对个性化干预进行精细分类.
- 目前对ASD亚型的理解是有限的,特别是在底层神经机制及其行为相关方面.
研究的目的:
- 通过整合规范建模与静止状态fMRI,临床评估和眼睛凝视模式来调查潜在的自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 亚型.
- 通过结合静态和动态的功能连接来划出多层次的功能发展轨迹.
- 识别与潜在的ASD亚型相关的独特的神经和行为特征.
主要方法:
- 使用了对1046名参与者静止状态fMRI数据的规范建模 (479名患有自闭症,567名典型发育).
- 分析了静态和动态的功能连接 (强度和可变性) 作为预测变量.
- 在21名自闭症个体的独立队列中验证了使用自闭症敏感眼睛跟踪任务的结果.
主要成果:
- 鉴定出两种不同的神经自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 亚型,具有独特的功能性大脑网络配置文件,尽管临床表现相似.
- 一个亚型在头和小脑网络中显示出正偏差,在前端双关节,默认模式和带-眼皮网络中显示出负偏差.
- 第二个亚型表现出功能偏差的反向模式. 神经子类型与明显的社会暗示目光模式相关联.
结论:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的特点是神经行为异质性,超越了简单的神经变异.
- 确定的亚型呈现独特的功能发育模式和行为表现,包括不同的眼神模式.
- 个性化干预策略对于解决自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 个体的多样化需求至关重要.
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