加利福尼亚州的土地使用,区分和乳腺癌发病率:一项生态研究
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Valerie Stahl1, Rainbow Rubin2, Pujeeta Chowdhary2
1School of Public Affairs, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.
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概括
土地使用和分区影响乳腺癌 (BC) 率. 较高的商业区划与增加的BC发病率相关,而更多的公园空间可能会降低某些人群的发病率.
科学领域:
- 环境流行病学环境流行病学
- 城市规划是城市规划.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 建筑环境,土地使用,区划和乳腺癌 (BC) 发病率之间的联系仍未得到充分探索.
- 来自建筑环境的乳腺致癌物质的潜在暴露需要进行调查.
- 本研究研究了土地使用/区分与加利福尼亚州BC发病率之间的关联.
研究的目的:
- 研究各种土地使用和区分类别与女性乳腺癌发病率之间的关系.
- 确定特定的区分类型是否与不同种族/族群的乳腺癌发病率较高或较低有关.
主要方法:
- 从加利福尼亚健康地图中利用了10年 (2012-2021) 年龄调整的BC发病率 (aIRs).
- 来自加利福尼亚州规划和研究办公室的535个司法管辖区的2021年合并区划数据.
- 采用多重线性回归来分析非住宅用地 (农业,商业,工业,公园,混合用途) 的百分比与BC aIRs之间的关联,总体和按种族/种族.
主要成果:
- 增加高强度商业区分与所有女性中较高的BC aIR相关 (β=8.32).
- 增加农业区分与黑人女性中较高的BC aIR相关 (β=3.11).
- 增加公园或开放空间的区分与非西班牙裔白人女性 (β=-0.85) 的BC aIRs降低有关.
结论:
- 土地使用和区分与加利福尼亚州的乳腺癌发病率有很大关系.
- 区划修改优先考虑公共开放空间和休区,可以为乳腺癌预防策略做出贡献.
- 通过城市规划创造更健康的社区是减少乳腺癌负担的可行方法.
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