鼻腔生物标志物测试以排除病毒性呼吸道感染和分拣样本:一种测试性能研究
Julien A R Amat1, Sarah N Dudgeon2, Nagarjuna R Cheemarla1
1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA, 06520; Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA, 06520.
EBioMedicine
|June 21, 2025
概括
一个新的CXCL10生物标志物有效排除了呼吸道病毒感染,减少了PCR测试的需要,特别是在低患病率的环境中. 这种细胞因子测试有助于管理疫情和查高风险个体.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 生物标志物发现发现
背景情况:
- 随着COVID-19的流行,人们越来越需要快速的呼吸道病毒查测试.
- 目前的PCR测试是准确的,但需要专门的设备和多次测试.
- 新出现的病毒对现有的诊断方法构成挑战.
研究的目的:
- 评估一种泛病毒宿主生物标志物CXCL10,用于排除呼吸道病毒感染.
- 评估CXCL10作为实际选工具的实用性.
- 确定CXCL10测试对资源分配的影响.
主要方法:
- 在1088个鼻样本中,CXCL10免疫测试结果与呼吸道病毒PCR面板进行了比较.
- 利用数学建模来预测CXCL10测试对患者分拣和资源节约的影响.
- 使用电子医疗记录分析了与错误阴性CXCL10结果相关的临床特征.
主要成果:
- CXCL10在预测病毒阳性 (AUC 0.87) 中表现出高准确度.
- 数学模型预测了PCR测试的显著减少,特别是在病毒流行率低的情况下 (例如,在5%的流行率下降了92%).
- 化疗药物和低病毒载量被确定为与虚假阴性相关的因素.
结论:
- CXCL10是一种有价值的鼻生物标志物,可以排除呼吸道感染.
- 这种生物标志物显示出在高风险环境中疫情管理和例行查的潜力.
- 通过CXCL10测试,可以优化呼吸道病毒诊断中的资源利用率.
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