[分析早期语言发育迟缓的儿童在新生儿低氧性-缺血性脑病症中幸存下来而没有神经障碍]
Anna Bolodár1, Eszter Nagy2, Dóra Luca Bodócs3
11 Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar Budapest Magyarország.
Orvosi hetilap
|June 22, 2025
概括
新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病变的幸存者没有神经障碍显示较高的早期语言延迟率. 即使有正常的认知功能,这些孩子也可能在语言发展方面出现缺陷,影响词汇和语法.
科学领域:
- 儿科神经学 儿科神经学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语音语言病理学 语言病理学
背景情况:
- 新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病变 (HIE) 可以影响神经发育结果.
- 在没有明显神经损伤的情况下幸存下来HIE的儿童 (质量幸存者) 需要进一步调查特定的认知功能,如语言.
- 关于这些高质量幸存者的详细语言发展的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 描述HIE质量幸存者的早期语言发育迟缓的流行情况.
- 检查HIE质量幸存者的语言指标之间的差异.
- 在2岁时评估语言发展与认知结果的关系.
主要方法:
- 对50名中度至重度HIE儿童进行前性研究,治疗低温.
- 在2年后使用贝利-II认知量表 (得分≤85不利) 进行发育跟踪.
- 语言评估通过麦克阿瑟贝茨沟通发展清单;早期语言延迟定义为词汇量<20百分点与平均认知.
主要成果:
- 46% (23/50) 的认知结果不利; 54% (27/50) 的认知结果有利.
- 在10名儿童中观察到早期语言延迟 (20%),高于一般人口 (1015%).
- 语言迟缓的儿童的词汇量明显较小 (中位数为30个与250个单词),在形态词的使用和词组合上有所不同 (p<0.001).
结论:
- 在HIE的优质幸存者中,早期语言延迟的患病率更高.
- 语言缺陷,包括词汇和语法方面的缺陷,可以发生尽管有利的认知结果.
- 特定领域的评估,如语言发展,即使在HIE后具有平均认知功能的儿童中也是至关重要的.
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