评估个体对代谢综合征的遗传敏感性:可解释的机器学习方法
Tao Huang1, Yuanyuan Li2, Simin Wang1
1College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.
Annals of medicine
|June 22, 2025
概括
这项研究开发了一种机器学习模型,使用遗传数据来预测代谢综合征 (MetS) 易感性. 该模型准确评估MetS的个体遗传风险,有助于个性化预防策略.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 遗传学是一种遗传学.
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
- 代谢疾病 代谢疾病
背景情况:
- 全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 已经确定了代谢综合征 (MetS) 的遗传因素.
- 目前的方法缺乏基于机器学习 (ML) 的模型来评估个体对MetS.的遗传敏感性.
- 这种差距限制了MetS的个性化风险预测和预防策略.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证基于ML的遗传风险评分 (GRS) 模型,用于预测MetS发生.
- 通过单核酸多形态 (SNP) 来评估个体对MetS的遗传敏感性.
- 将GRS与常规风险因素集成在一起,以改善MetS预测.
主要方法:
- 使用最小绝对收缩和选择运算符 (LASSO) 进行特征选择.
- 使用6个ML算法构建GRS模型,包括极端梯度提升 (XGBoost).
- 通过五重交叉验证和使用ROC曲线的模型性能评估进行内部验证;用于模型解释的SHapley添加式解释 (SHAP).
主要成果:
- 在XGBoost模型中,在MetS预测方面实现了优异的区分性能 (AUC = 0.837).
- SHAP分析提供了对SNP效应和影响MetS风险的相互作用的见解.
- 综合了GRS和传统风险因素的组合模型表现出色 (AUC = 0.962).
结论:
- 建立了一个可靠的基于XGBoost的GRS模型和预测平台,用于评估个体的MetS遗传易感性.
- 该模型提供了高度的解释性,支持个性化的MetS初级预防.
- 将GRS与传统风险因素集成,可以提高MetS预测的准确性.
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