新皮层神经发生:一个proneural基因视角
Lakshmy Vasan1,2, Alexandra Moffat1,2, Pierre Mattar3,4
1Sunnybrook Research Institute, Biological Sciences Platform, Toronto, Canada.
The FEBS journal
|June 22, 2025
概括
精确调节前神经转录因子 (TFs) 确保发育中的新皮质中的刺激/抑制 (E/I) 神经元平衡. 本综述探讨了管理跨物种TF活动的保存机制,以确保正常的大脑功能.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
背景情况:
- 新皮质从神经干细胞和原生细胞 (NPC) 产生刺激和抑制神经元.
- 保持激发性/抑制性 (E/I) 神经传递的正确平衡对于正常的大脑功能至关重要.
- 在E / I平衡中出现的障碍与神经发育障碍有关.
研究的目的:
- 审查在新皮层发育中的proneural基因活性调节.
- 了解如何保存转录因子控制神经元亚型规范.
- 为了比较小鼠 (lissencephalic) 和其他 (gyrencephalic) 物种的E/I平衡机制.
主要方法:
- 审查关于前神经基因功能和调节的现有文献.
- 对不同物种的神经发生的比较分析.
- 专注于基本的螺旋环-螺旋环 (bHLH) 转录因子 (TF).
主要成果:
- 亲神经bHLHTFs (激发性神经元的Neurog1/2,抑制性神经元的Ascl1) 是神经发生的保存驱动因素.
- NPC分化动态受到位置,时间和特定物种因素的影响.
- 调节TF活动是实现精确E/I神经元比率的关键.
结论:
- 预神经基因调节的保存和新出现的特征对于新皮质中E/I平衡至关重要.
- 了解这些机制对于解决神经发育障碍至关重要.
- 前神经TF调节提供了对大脑发育进化模式的见解.
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