在智能手机基础的认知测试中探索平均表现和个人内部变异之间的关系,在整个寿命中对成年人进行认知测试
Laura M Campbell1, Andrea M Weinstein2, Ashley Henneghan3
1Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA USA.
NPP - digital psychiatry and neuroscience
|June 23, 2025
概括
通过智能手机测试测量的个人内认知变化 (IIV) 揭示了超出平均认知表现的洞察力. 更好的平均表现通常与更少的可变性相关,表明更大的认知一致性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 数字健康数字健康
背景情况:
- 传统的认知评估侧重于平均表现,可能会忽视个体变化中的关键信息.
- 个体内认知变化 (IIV) 提供了对认知功能更深入的理解.
- 基于智能手机的生态瞬时认知测试 (EMCT) 能够在现实环境中捕捉IIV.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用EMCT来调查IIV的预测因素.
- 检查成年人和老年人群中平均认知表现和IIV之间的关系.
- 确定影响IIV的人口,情感和绩效相关因素.
主要方法:
- 在两个美国样本中使用了基于智能手机的EMCTs的NeuroUX平台:成年人 (n=375) 和轻度认知障碍的老年人 (n=94).
- 成年人完成了八项认知测试 (记忆,处理速度,执行功能,工作记忆) 在十天内五次.
- 年长的成年人完成了三个认知测试在三个难度级别,五次超过三十天.
主要成果:
- 平均表现是两组IIV最强的预测因素.
- 在成年人中,更好的平均性能与内存,执行功能和处理速度的IIV较少相关,但在工作记忆中IIV更高.
- 在老年人中,更好的平均表现通常与更大的一致性 (较少的IIV) 相关联,包括记忆,工作记忆和处理速度/执行功能任务.
结论:
- 在传统的基于平均值的指标之外,EMCT为认知功能提供了有价值的见解.
- 平均表现和IIV之间的关系在认知领域和年龄组之间有所不同.
- 像EMCT这样的数字健康工具为全面的认知评估提供了一个有希望的途径.
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