废水监测允许检测不常见的和高度致病性肠道病毒类型
Lucia Mangeri1,2, Annalisa Scarazzato1,2,3, Francesco Righi1,2,3
1Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia-Romagna (IZSLER), Brescia, Italy.
Applied and environmental microbiology
|June 23, 2025
概括
意大利伦巴第地区的废水监测发现了各种各样的肠道病毒 (EV),包括常见和不常见的类型. 这项研究强调了废水监测对跟踪电动汽车流通和潜在的公共卫生威胁的有用性.
科学领域:
- 环境微生物学环境微生物学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 公共卫生监督是对公共卫生的监督.
背景情况:
- 肠道病毒 (EV) 是RNA病毒,导致各种疾病,从无症状感染到流行病.
- 基于废水的流行病学为监测病原体循环提供了一个强大的工具,可以捕捉症状和无症状病例.
- 了解废水中的电动汽车分布对于公共卫生风险评估至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 监测2022年至2023年间,意大利伦巴第省废水中的肠道病毒的分布和多样性.
- 为了确定在被研究的城市地区传播的特定肠道病毒类型,包括非脊髓灰质炎菌株.
- 评估分子方法的有效性,包括下一代测序,用于废水中的肠道病毒监测.
主要方法:
- 从布雷西亚,克雷莫纳和伯加莫省的三个污水处理厂收集和分析了399个废水样本.
- 使用单步实时逆转录PCR检测肠道病毒存在的查.
- 使用桑格测序和/或下一代测序 (NGS) 基因编码对阳性样本的基因定型.
主要成果:
- 在399个废水样本中,在107个中检测到肠道病毒RNA.
- 67个样本被成功基因定型,揭示了B型肠病毒的主导地位,其次是A型,C型和D型肠病毒.
- 确定了26种不同的非脊髓灰质炎肠道病毒类型,其中埃科病毒11 (E11) 和Coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5) 是最常见的. 还检测到了D68型肠道病毒.
结论:
- 该研究证实,在意大利研究区域的城市废水中,肠道病毒的广泛传播.
- 废水监测有效地发现了各种各样的肠道病毒类型,包括可能涉及的病毒株,如EV-D68和CVA24.
- 通过NGS元编码,可以在单个样本中同时识别多种肠道病毒类型,从而提高监视能力.
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