有氧间歇性低氧训练对最大氧气摄入量和性能没有好处:系统性审查和元分析
Gianluigi Dorelli1, Gaia Giuriato1, Giovanni Zamboni1
1Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
|June 23, 2025
概括
间歇性缺氧训练 (IHT) 与正常性训练 (NT) 相比,并没有显著改善最大氧吸收 (V ̇O2max) 或运动表现. 这次元分析发现,在低氧训练中训练有氧适应没有额外的益处.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 高度培训 研究 研究 高度培训
背景情况:
- 关于间歇性低氧训练 (IHT) 与正常性训练 (NT) 对最大氧吸收 (V ̇O2max) 和海平面性能的好处存在不一致的发现.
- 结果的变化可能源于研究群体,培训方案和缺氧方法的差异.
- 需要进行全面的元分析,以严格的标准来澄清IHT的有效性.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和分析平行设计研究,将有氧IHT与NT进行比较.
- 评估有氧IHT对V̇O2max和海平面有氧性能的影响.
- 调查潜在的缓解因素,如健身水平和运动方式.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA指南进行的系统文献搜索.
- 包括35个并行设计研究,524名参与者.
- 分析考虑了人口特征,培训方案,低氧方法和出版细节.
主要成果:
- 与NT相比,有氧IHT并没有显著改善V̇O2max,峰值功率输出或耗尽时间.
- 亚组分析显示,基于参与者的健身水平或运动方式,没有显著差异.
- 发现了显著的出版偏差,这表明在文献中对IHT益处的潜在高估.
结论:
- 与正常性训练相比,有氧间歇性缺氧训练并没有在VO2max或性能方面提供优异的改善.
- 在有氧运动中添加缺氧似乎不会增强训练适应能力.
- 出版偏见可能影响了以前对IHT的热情研究结果.
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