艾滋病毒感染妇女的神经认知功能:低收入/中等收入国家的一项比较研究
Janice Buckley1,2, Haseena Cassim1, Kennedy Otwombe1,3
1Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
AIDS (London, England)
|June 23, 2025
概括
长期接受抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 的艾滋病毒感染者 (WLWH) 妇女仍有很高的神经认知障碍 (NCI). 高度饮酒和较低的教育水平等因素会增加所有女性的NCI风险.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 与艾滋病毒相关的神经认知障碍 (HAND) 在未经治疗的艾滋病毒感染中普遍存在.
- 在ART时代评估HAND的研究很少,特别是在资源有限的环境中.
- 了解艾滋病毒感染者 (WLWH) 接受ART治疗的女性的神经认知功能至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较南非的WLWH和没有艾滋病毒 (WWOH) 的女性之间的神经认知功能.
- 在这个人群中识别与神经认知障碍 (NCI) 相关的风险因素.
- 在ART时代,从资源有限的环境提供数据.
主要方法:
- 在2018年至2019年期间进行了一项横截面研究.
- 参与者包括PROMOTE研究中的WLWH和WWOH的对照组.
- 神经心理测试评估了认知领域,通用线性模型确定了NCI的风险因素.
主要成果:
- 46%的WLWH表现出NCI,而WWOH的比例为36% (p=0.06).
- 在口头学习/记忆,运动速度,语言和信息处理方面,WLWH表现出显著的缺陷.
- 对NCI的风险增加与年龄≥35,不完全的中学教育,艾滋病毒感染和高酒精使用有关.
结论:
- 尽管长期治疗ART,但WLWH显示NCI的高患病率.
- 高度饮酒和不完整的中学教育是所有女性NCI的重要风险因素.
- 这项研究强调了在WLWH中NCI的持续风险,即使有有效的ART和年轻的年龄.
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