孩子们可以在评估骗子时考虑社会关系.
Rodney Tompkins1, Vanessa Chao2, Zoe Liberman2
1Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
Journal of experimental child psychology
|June 23, 2025
概括
儿童和成年人判断谎言更严厉,当告诉朋友在比较的背景下. 对情感伤害谎言的评估考虑了社会义务,特别是在密切的关系中.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 道德心理学道德心理学
背景情况:
- 了解欺骗的社会和道德评价在发展心理学中至关重要.
- 以前的研究已经探讨了儿童和成人对谎言的判断,但人们对社会关系在评估"伤害情绪的谎言"中的作用知之甚少.
研究的目的:
- 调查儿童和成年人是否根据与接受者的关系 (朋友与遥远的社会伙伴) 不同地评估"伤害情感的谎言".
- 检查社会关系背景是否影响独立与比较评估中的谎言判断.
主要方法:
- 两个预先注册的实验涉及456名儿童 (3-12岁) 和120名美国成年人.
- 研究1:对一个朋友,同学或敌人说的单一"伤害情感的谎言"进行独立评估.
- 研究2:对两个人对不同的社会伙伴说的同一个"伤害情感的谎言"进行比较评估.
主要成果:
- 在独立的评估中 (研究1),无论目标的关系如何",情感伤害的谎言"都被评价为负面.
- 在比较评估中 (研究2),一个朋友的"伤害情感的谎言"被评价比一个同学的谎言更为负面.
- 关系对谎言评估的影响与"未能帮助"的影响相当.
结论:
- 社会关系影响了在比较的,但不是独立的背景下对"伤害情感的谎言"的评估.
- 儿童和成年人认识到,亲密的关系涉及到义务,使得违反这些义务更可责备.
- 对反社会行为的道德判断对关系上下文很敏感.
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