在固定的步行速度下,依略普索斯肌肉活动和部/骨盆运动的变化,随着步伐长度和节奏的变化
Takumi Jiroumaru1, Michio Wachi1, Yutaro Hyodo1
1Department of Physical Therapy, Bukkyo University, Kyoto, JPN.
Cureus
|June 24, 2025
概括
改变步骤长度和节奏显著影响 iliopsoas 肌肉的激活. 较长的步骤增加了晚期摇摆时的激活,而更快的节奏则增加了姿势时的激活,为老年人提供了步行训练.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 人类运动科学科学 人类运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 年长的成年人经常修改步伐 (更短的步骤,更快的节奏) 由于流动性下降.
- 这种补偿步态可能会影响肌肉招募和关节运动,特别是 iliopsoas 肌肉.
- 了解 iliopsoas 在各种步态中的功能,对于预防跌倒和步态训练至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了检查步骤长度和节奏的变化如何影响 iliopsoas 肌肉的激活.
- 分析这些步态参数在跑步机上行走时对部和骨盆动力学的影响.
- 为了研究这些效应在恒定的步行速度.
主要方法:
- 十名健康的年轻男子参加了跑步机上以5公里/小时的速度行走的试验.
- 测试了三个条件:步长增加步行 (SL),正常步行 (N) 和步调增加步行 (P) (更短的步骤,更高的节奏).
- 通过表面电肌图 (sEMG) 测量了伊利奥普索斯肌肉激活,并使用3D运动分析记录了部/骨盆动力学.
主要成果:
- 与N.相比,在SL和P条件的早期和晚期立场阶段,伊利奥普索亚斯激活率较高.
- 在SL条件下,在晚期的摇摆 (第4阶段) 中显示出最高的 iliopsoas 激活,与增加的部屈曲和骨盆倾斜相关.
- 较高的节奏率 (P条件) 导致在立场阶段 iliopsoas 激活的增加.
结论:
- 步骤的长度和节奏显著调节 iliopsoas 肌肉激活的时间和强度.
- 通过特定阶段的训练来准 iliopsoas 强度和部屈曲移动性,可以提高步行性能.
- 这些发现为开发有效的干预措施提供了洞察力,以改善步态和减少跌倒.
相关概念视频
01:20Motor Unit Stimulation
When the neuron of a motor unit fires an action potential, it triggers a series of events, leading to a twitch contraction in the muscle fibers. The process of excitation-contraction coupling is crucial in relaying the action potential to the muscle fibers.
The latent period of contraction marks the onset of excitation-contraction coupling, when the action potential propagates across the sarcolemma, preparing the muscle fibers for contraction. As the fibers enter the contraction phase, the...
The latent period of contraction marks the onset of excitation-contraction coupling, when the action potential propagates across the sarcolemma, preparing the muscle fibers for contraction. As the fibers enter the contraction phase, the...
01:22Muscle Stimulation Frequency
The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
01:32Types of Skeletal Muscle Fibers
Skeletal muscles comprise various fibers, each with distinct characteristics and roles in movement and stability. They are mainly categorized into three types — fast-twitch, slow-twitch, and intermediate.
Fast-twitch fibers
Fast-twitch fibers, or Type II fibers, are designed for quick, powerful bursts of speed and strength. They reach peak tension within approximately 0.01 seconds following stimulation. Characterized by a large diameter and densely packed myofibrils, these fibers contain...
Fast-twitch fibers
Fast-twitch fibers, or Type II fibers, are designed for quick, powerful bursts of speed and strength. They reach peak tension within approximately 0.01 seconds following stimulation. Characterized by a large diameter and densely packed myofibrils, these fibers contain...
01:27Exercise and Muscle Performance
Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
01:25Smooth Muscle Contraction
Smooth muscle contraction is a complex process vital for various bodily functions, from maintaining blood vessel tension to facilitating the movement of food through the digestive tract. Unlike striated muscles, smooth muscle contraction begins more slowly and lasts longer.
The onset of contraction is triggered by an increase in calcium ions within the sarcoplasm, similar to the process in striated muscle. However, smooth muscles have a relatively smaller reservoir of the sarcoplasmic...
The onset of contraction is triggered by an increase in calcium ions within the sarcoplasm, similar to the process in striated muscle. However, smooth muscles have a relatively smaller reservoir of the sarcoplasmic...
01:20Exercise and Cardiovascular Response
Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...