创新与安全的平衡:双重用途研究的治理框架和考虑 关注和潜在的流行病原体的研究
1School for the Future of Innovation in Society, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.
概括
高风险生物研究的有效治理,包括引起关注的双重用途研究 (DURC) 和具有增强流行病潜力的病原体 (PEPP),需要适应性政策. 历史分析显示,需要积极主动,协作战略,以平衡科学进步与公共安全.
科学领域:
- 生物安全和生物安全治理
- 高风险的生物研究监督监督
- 关注的双重用途研究 (DURC)
- 具有增强流行病潜力的病原体 (PEPP)
背景情况:
- 全球对管理高风险生物研究的重新兴趣,特别是DURC和PEPP.
- 生物安全政策的历史演变及其在平衡科学进步与安全和安全方面的挑战.
- 目前在生物安全和生物安全方面的透明度,监督和国际合作存在差距.
研究的目的:
- 分析美国生物安全政策的历史发展.
- 审查DURC和PEPP管理的现有和潜在框架.
- 评估管理高风险生物技术研究的伦理,政治和监管观点.
主要方法:
- 美国生物安全和生物安全的重大事件和政策发展的历史分析.
- 对相关的伦理,政治和监管视角进行全面的文献审查.
- 检查过去的高风险生物技术风险管理框架.
主要成果:
- 从历史上看,生物安全和生物安全政策一直是反应性的,经常对事件作出反应.
- 持续存在的透明度,监督和国际合作方面的差距阻碍了有效的治理.
- 过去管理高风险生物技术风险的框架为未来的战略提供了宝贵的教训.
结论:
- 平衡的,跨学科的方法,整合道德,社会和法律方面的考虑,对于强大的DURC和PEPP监管至关重要.
- 为了降低风险,需要不断的政策演变,以证据和合作为基础.
- 有效的治理需要政策制定者,科学家,专业人士和公众之间的合作,以确保创新有利于健康和安全,同时尽量减少风险.
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