早期出现的2型糖尿病的胎儿编程:瑞典全国范围的队列和兄弟姐妹分析
Coralie Amadou1,2, Yuxia Wei3, Tiinamaija Tuomi4,5,6,7
1Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. coralie.amadou@chsf.fr.
European journal of epidemiology
|June 24, 2025
概括
早期发病的2型糖尿病 (T2D) 与社会人口统计学因素和周产期问题 (如低出生体重) 有关. 胎儿编程,特别是生长限制,似乎是T2D发展的关键因素.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 围产儿医学 围产儿医学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
背景情况:
- 早期发病的2型糖尿病 (T2D) 的发病率,定义为40岁之前的诊断,在全球范围内正在上升.
- 虽然肥胖和社会经济地位是已知的风险因素,但早期暴露和胎儿编程的作用越来越被认可.
研究的目的:
- 调查社会人口统计学,围产期因素和早期发病的T2D之间的联系.
- 用兄弟设计来区分反映胎儿编程的因素和那些可能被共同的家庭环境所混的因素.
主要方法:
- 一项大规模的瑞典队列研究,包括1983年至2002年间出生的180多万个人.
- 国家登记册被用来识别早期发病的T2D病例,并收集社会人口统计和围产期变量数据.
- 考克斯的比例危险回归和兄弟分析被用来评估风险关联.
主要成果:
- 社会人口统计学因素,如父母教育程度较低和父母年龄较小,与早期T2D发病风险增加有关.
- 孕期因素包括出生体重低,妊娠年龄小 (SGA),妊娠年龄大 (LGA) 和孕产妇肥胖,糖尿病,吸烟和怀孕期间感染.
- 兄弟姐妹分析表明,只有低出生体重和SGA仍然与早期T2D相关,这表明胎儿生长限制的作用.
结论:
- 早期发病的T2D与一系列社会人口统计学和围产期因素有关.
- 胎儿生长限制 (低出生体重和SGA) 似乎是胎儿编程的重要指标,有助于早期发病T2D.
- 调查结果强调了早期干预和有针对性的策略的重要性,以预防T2D和减轻健康差异.
相关概念视频
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
3.0K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
3.0K
Pathophysiology of Diabetes
1.2K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
1.2K
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
3.3K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
3.3K
Carbohydrate Metabolism
11.8K
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
11.8K
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
709
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
709


