神经系统疾病中的性别差异:来自缺血性中风,帕金森病和多发性硬化症的见解
Cassandra J Kaufhold1, Kathiresh Kumar Mani1, Zara Akbari1
1Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Women's Health in Neuroscience Program, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University-Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA.
Brain, behavior, and immunity
|June 24, 2025
概括
性差异显著影响神经退行性疾病,如缺血性中风,帕金森病 (PD) 和多发性硬化症 (MS). 了解这些性别特异性机制,包括荷尔蒙和微生物群的影响,对于开发个性化治疗至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经生物学 神经生物学 神经生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
背景情况:
- 神经退行性疾病如缺血性中风,帕金森病 (PD) 和多发性硬化症 (MS) 在疾病进展和结果中表现出明显的基于性别的变化.
- 雌激素在中风中的作用随着年龄的变化而变化,而患有PD的男性更早出现,患有MS的女性受到不成比例的影响.
研究的目的:
- 审查和综合基于性别的生物学机制,这些机制是缺血性中风,PD和MS的基础.
- 突出荷尔蒙因素,免疫反应和肠道微生物群对疾病病理生理学的影响.
主要方法:
- 文献综述综合了关于神经退行性疾病性差异的现有研究.
- 对专注于免疫失调,激素影响 (雌激素) 和肠道微生物群相互作用的研究进行分析.
主要成果:
- 在缺血性中风,PD和MS的病理生理学,临床表现和结果方面存在显著的性别差异.
- 雌激素,免疫系统调节,X链基因表达和肠道微生物组合是影响疾病轨迹以性别特定的方式的关键因素.
结论:
- 性别特定的机制,包括荷尔蒙和免疫因素,在神经退行性疾病中至关重要.
- 表观遗传学,微生物组合和性染色体相互作用为中风,PD和MS的个性化治疗策略提供了潜在的目标.
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