在幼儿时期表征长期COVID症状
Rachel S Gross1, Tanayott Thaweethai2,3, Amy L Salisbury4
1Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York.
JAMA pediatrics
|June 24, 2025
概括
长期COVID (LC) 在幼儿中呈现出独特的症状,与老年人群不同. 这项研究开发了特定的指数,以确定婴儿/幼儿和学龄前儿童的可能LC,有助于早期检测和护理.
科学领域:
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 纵向队列研究是指纵向队列研究.
- 分析症状模式,分析症状模式.
背景情况:
- 长期COVID (LC) 在幼儿时代不太了解,这给这个人群造成了关键的知识差距.
- 现有的LC症状模式主要在成人和5岁以上的儿童中被确定.
- 早期识别和照顾儿科LC受到幼儿缺乏特定表征的阻碍.
研究的目的:
- 在有或没有SARS-CoV-2感染史的儿童中识别明显的症状频率.
- 根据年龄组区分症状类型:婴儿/幼儿 (0-2岁) 和学前儿童 (3-5岁).
- 开发一个研究指数,用于识别可能患有长期COVID (LC) 的幼儿.
主要方法:
- 一项多站点纵向队列研究,涉及30多个美国医疗保健和社区环境.
- 包括有或没有SARS-CoV-2感染史的婴儿,幼儿和学龄前儿童.
- 分析了婴儿/幼儿的41个症状和学龄前儿童的75个症状,以获得特定年龄的LC指数.
主要成果:
- 对婴儿/幼儿 (例如,食欲不佳,睡眠困难) 和学龄前儿童 (例如,白天疲劳,干咳) 进行了长COVID (LC) 研究指数.
- 在14%感染的婴儿/幼儿 (指数≥4) 和15%感染的学龄前儿童 (指数≥3) 中,确定了可能的LC.
- 较高的指数得分与整体健康状况较差,生活质量降低和感知到的发育迟缓相关.
结论:
- 这项研究在婴儿/幼儿和学龄前儿童中发现了明显的长期COVID (LC) 症状模式,与较大的年龄组不同.
- 由此产生的研究指数为识别幼儿可能出现的LC提供了一个新的工具.
- 在不同儿科年龄范围内分别对LC进行表征对于有效的临床管理和研究至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:30Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
313
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
313
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
357
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
357
01:30Socioemotional Development during Infancy
135
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Primary Temperament Types
135
01:30Oppositional Defiant Disorder
161
A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Diagnostic Criteria and...
161
01:28Conduct Disorder
114
Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
114
01:18Cognitive Development During Adolescence
144
During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
144