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扩展光谱β-乳酸酶:定义,历史,关于它们的遗传环境的更新和检测方法

Soufyane Yassara¹, Ikrame Zeouk², Samira Jaouhar^1,3,4

¹Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology & Bioactive Molecules, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.

Journal of medical microbiology

|June 24, 2025

概括

扩展光谱β-乳糖酶 (ESBL) 酶通过对第三代氨酸 (3GCs) 等重要抗生素产生耐药性,构成重大威胁. 了解ESBL的演变和检测对于全球打击危险的耐药细菌至关重要.

科学领域:

微生物学微生物学
传染性疾病传染性疾病
抗微生物耐药性抗微生物耐药性

背景情况:

细菌对抗生素,特别是β-乳糖胺的耐药性是一个关键的全球卫生挑战.
扩展光谱β-乳糖酶 (ESBL) 酶使细菌,特别是肠杆菌,能够抵抗广泛使用的抗生素,如第三代胞素 (3GCs).
塑体上的移动遗传元素经常促进ESBL的产生,导致抗性基因 (blaCTX-M,blaSHV,blaTEM) 的传播.

研究的目的:

为ESBL酶提供全面的理解,包括它们的历史发展.
阐明遗传环境在ESBLs全球传播和传播中的作用.
审查目前用于检测ESBL产生细菌的实验室技术.

主要方法:

文献综述,重点关注ESBL的演变,遗传元素和检测方法.
对ESBL产生细菌的流行率和影响的当前数据的分析.
综合有关ESBL在抗菌素耐药性中的重要性信息.

主要成果:

ESBLs是Enterobacteriaceae中对3GCs抵抗的主要机制.
移动遗传元素,如插入序列和塑体上的转位子,是ESBL基因传播的关键驱动因素.
及时识别ESBL对于有效的患者治疗和感染控制至关重要.

结论:

生产ESBL的细菌构成了严重且日益严重的威胁,世界卫生组织将其列为优先事项.
遗传环境在ESBL的传播和持续性方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
持续的警,监测和新抗菌剂的开发对于打击ESBL介导的耐药性至关重要.

关键词:

它们是Enterobacteriaceae的细菌.检测方法检测方法扩展光谱β-乳糖酶 (ESBLs) 的使用遗传环境遗传环境遗传环境历史演化历史演化历史演化

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