自然与文化之间的关系过程 - - 向星座的相关性
1Centro de Investigaciones Interdisciplinarias en Ciencias y Humanidades (CEIICH). Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico.
Frontiers in sociology
|June 25, 2025
概括
这项研究探讨了自然和文化之间的不断变化的关系,检查了它们如何在统一的连续和独特的二元主义之间转移. 它通过关键的哲学和科学视角追踪了这种演变.
科学领域:
- 科学哲学的科学哲学
- 科学社会学科学社会学
- 环境人文学科 环境人文学科
背景情况:
- 受到现象学 (莫里斯·梅罗 - 庞蒂) 的影响,对自然的古典反思历史上一直在与自然文化二分法作斗争.
- 像西格蒙德·弗洛伊德 (Sigmund Freud) 和克劳德·列维·斯特劳斯 (Claude Lévi-Strauss) 这样的关键思想家,尽管有概念上的差异,但在他们的表述中确立了大自然和文化之间的明显二元性.
- 17世纪宇宙学中"自然"的客观化 (利略,笛卡尔) 为这种分离奠定了基础.
研究的目的:
- 分析自然文化二项式中突变的语义起源.
- 研究自然文化连续和二元化之间的转变.
- 检查这种不断发展的关系的哲学和科学基础.
主要方法:
- 关键思想家的哲学分析 (梅罗·庞蒂,弗洛伊德,莱维·斯特劳斯).
- 对宇宙学转变的历史研究 (17世纪和现代晚期).
- 社会学证据审查,质疑自然文化二元性.
主要成果:
- 自然文化二项式经历了显著的语义突变,在连续性和二元主义之间振荡.
- 经典的表述,特别是来自弗洛伊德和莱维-施特劳斯的表述,强调了一种自然-文化的二元性.
- 社会学证据挑战了严格的分离,现代晚期看到自然文化连续性的复苏 (洛夫洛克,拉图尔).
结论:
- 自然和文化的概念化不是静态的,而是动态地演变的.
- 虽然具有影响力,但二元主义观点越来越多地被重新评估.
- 当代思想受到新宇宙学的影响,更倾向于对自然和文化有更完整的理解.
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