家庭使用固体燃料与中国人口的双重感官障碍之间的关联:一个回顾性队列研究
Yaolei Du1, Mengnan Wu1, Mansha He1
1Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Aier Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
Frontiers in public health
|June 25, 2025
概括
家庭使用固体燃料增加了中国老年人双重感官障碍 (DSI) 的风险. 推广清洁的替代燃料可以帮助减少DSI的负担,并改善公共卫生结果.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 双重感官障碍 (DSI),包括视力和听力损失,比单一感官障碍对健康构成更大的负担.
- 了解与DSI相关的环境风险因素对于制定有针对性的公共卫生干预措施至关重要.
- 家庭使用的燃料,特别是固体燃料,是弱势群体感官障碍的潜在可修改风险因素.
研究的目的:
- 调查家庭燃料使用模式与发展双感官障碍 (DSI) 的风险之间的联系.
- 分析清洁与固体燃料使用之间的关系以及中老年和老年中国成年人中DSI发生率.
- 通过改善家庭能源选择,提供旨在减轻DSI风险的公共卫生战略的证据.
主要方法:
- 利用了2015年中国健康与退休长度研究 (CHARLS) 的数据,其中包括8083名45岁及以上的参与者,后续数据直到2018年.
- 在基线和随访时,根据家庭使用的燃料 (清洁或固体) 将参与者分为四组.
- 采用后勤回归模型来评估燃料使用和DSI风险之间的关联,报告赔率比率 (OR) 和95%置信区间 (CI).
主要成果:
- 在研究参与者中,DSI的患病率为6.25%.
- 与清洁燃料相比,在基线时使用固体燃料与较高的DSI风险显著相关 (OR=1.23,95%CI:1.02-1.49).
- 持续使用固体燃料 (清洁到固体和固体到固体) 与持续使用清洁燃料相比,显示DSI风险增加 (OR=1.50,95%CI:1.04-2.16和OR=1.38,95%CI:1.10-1.73,分别).
结论:
- 家庭固体燃料消耗与中老年和老年中国人口双重感官障碍的风险增加有关.
- 过渡到清洁的家庭燃料是一个可行的策略,以减少DSI的发生率和负担.
- 公共卫生倡议应促进清洁能源的获取,以保护老龄化人口的感官健康.
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