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相关概念视频

Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

280
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
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Intellectual Disability01:29

Intellectual Disability

170
Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
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Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
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Social Facilitation01:04

Social Facilitation

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Not all intergroup interactions lead to negative outcomes. Sometimes, being in a group situation can improve performance. Social facilitation occurs when an individual performs better when an audience is watching than when the individual performs the behavior alone. This typically occurs when people are performing a task for which they are skilled.
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Schemas01:42

Schemas

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A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
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Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

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Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
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Updated: Sep 18, 2025

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在日常生活中发现残疾

Rosemarie Garland-Thomson

    The Hastings Center report
    |June 25, 2025
    PubMed
    概括
    此摘要是机器生成的。

    "残疾"一词已经从医学诊断演变为社会和政治认同. 这一转变是由民权运动和保护残疾人免受歧视的立法推动的.

    关键词:
    生物伦理学生物伦理学建筑环境 建筑环境公民权利公民权利.身体残疾就是残疾.这是一个勃发展的繁荣.人权 人权 人权 人权.

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    科学领域:

    • 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
    • 关于残疾人的研究.
    • 政治科学 政治科学是指政治学.

    背景情况:

    • 从历史上看,残疾主要是通过医疗镜头来看待.
    • 社会观念受到残疾人权利和人权运动的影响.

    研究的目的:

    • 分析术语"残疾"对社会和文化的影响.
    • 追踪残疾从医疗标签到社会和政治身份的演变.

    主要方法:

    • 公民和人权运动的历史回顾.
    • 分析有关残疾人权利和合理调整的立法.

    主要成果:

    • 立法已将残疾人确立为受保护的社会群体.
    • "残疾"的概念现在涵盖了超越医学定义的社会和政治维度.

    结论:

    • "残疾"这个词现在意味着一种社会和政治身份.
    • 法律保护从根本上重塑了对残疾的理解和社会作用.