在儿童中使用抗生素的生理学基础的药物动力学建模:对基于模型的精确剂量计的观点
Ryota Tanaka1,2, Kei Irie1, Tomoyuki Mizuno1,3
1Division of Translational and Clinical Pharmacology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
基于生理学上的药理动力学 (PBPK) 建模通过预测药物行为来优化儿童的抗生素剂量. 这种方法增强了基于模型的精确剂量 (MIPD) 以改善治疗结果和减少儿科患者的毒性.
科学领域:
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 儿科医学 儿科医学
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
背景情况:
- 在儿科患者群体中优化抗生素剂量需要了解药理动力学 (PK) 和药理动力学 (PD) 特性.
- 基于生理学的药理动力学 (PBPK) 建模将药物的物理化学特性与生理数据相结合,以预测药物行为.
- 在儿科中,PBPK建模是必不可少的,以解释不同年龄组的器官功能发展变化.
研究的目的:
- 审查当前针对抗生素的儿科PBPK建模研究.
- 探索PBPK建模在小儿抗生素治疗的模型信息精确剂量 (MIPD) 的应用.
- 讨论PBPK对优化儿童抗生素剂量的影响.
主要方法:
- 对已发表的关于抗生素的儿科PBPK建模研究进行系统审查.
- 对PBPK应用的分析,包括药物相互作用,目标组织中的PK/PD以及特定人群的预测.
- 对早产新生儿和其他脆弱儿科群体的PBPK模型实用性的评估.
主要成果:
- PBPK建模已被广泛用于预测儿科患者的抗生素处置.
- 研究评估了药物相互作用,感染部位的PK/PD,以及不同儿科群体的PK (例如,功能障碍,肥胖,母/胎儿).
- PBPK模型为早产新生儿提供了有价值的预测,对于这个脆弱群体来说至关重要.
结论:
- PBPK建模是优化儿童抗生素剂量的强大工具.
- 将PBPK整合到MIPD中可以使儿科患者的抗生素治疗更加精确和有效.
- 进一步应用PBPK建模对于改善儿科抗生素治疗结果和尽量减少毒性具有显著的前景.
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