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用于由形状记忆合金电线驱动的有腿机器人生物灵感关节的设计和控制
Xiaojie Niu1, Xiang Yao2, Erbao Dong1,2
1Institute of Advanced Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 25, 2025
概括
这项研究介绍了一种新的生物灵感关节,使用形状记忆合金 (SMA) 执行器来增强机器人腿部运动. 该设计实现了±60°的冲动和精确的控制,使人类步行复制成为可能.
科学领域:
- 机器人技术 机器人技术 机器人技术
- 生物机械工程 生物机械工程
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
背景情况:
- 双腿机器人依赖于联合设计来实现运动能力.
- 形状记忆合金 (SMA) 执行器提供高功率密度,但由于歇斯底里,其应变能力和控制精度受到限制.
- 现有的机器人关节努力复制生物系统中看到的复杂,大范围的运动.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种生物灵感的关节,使用SMA执行器放大冲动和精确控制.
- 在机器人联合应用中克服传统SMA执行器的局限性.
- 为了证明SMA驱动的机器人腿的可行性,以复制人类运动.
主要方法:
- 一个对抗性的执行器配置和差异双直径滑轮系统被整合到一个生物灵感的关节中.
- 适应性模糊控制用于在实验平台上精确的参考输入跟踪.
- 开发了一个运动重定位框架,将人类运动映射到机器人腿上.
主要成果:
- 拟议的关节实现了±60°的放大关节冲击,具有双向主动可控性.
- 精确的参考输入跟踪使用自适应模糊控制成功演示.
- 人类步行跟踪实验验证实了SMA驱动的生物灵感腿的运动性能.
结论:
- 这种新的生物灵感关节有效地克服了SMA执行器的局限性,实现了大范围的可控运动.
- 开发的SMA驱动的机器人腿和运动重定位框架显示了人类运动复制的实际潜力.
- 这项研究强调了SMA执行器在先进机器人技术中的有希望的应用,特别是用于腿式系统.
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