病毒性 Puccinia striiformis f. sp. 的表征 在2020年在中国使用小麦Yr单基因线路
Jie Huang1,2, Xingzong Zhang1,3, Wenjing Tan1
1School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 25, 2025
概括
监测Puccinia striiformis (Pst) 毒性是控制小麦条纹生的关键. 2020年,在中国发现了33种Pst种族,其中PstCN-062和PstCN-001是最常见的.
科学领域:
- 植物病理学 植物病理学
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 菌类遗传学 菌类遗传学
背景情况:
- 小麦条纹生,是由Puccinia striiformis f. sp. 引起的 三 (Pst),对全球小麦生产构成重大威胁.
- 对小麦条纹的有效管理策略依赖于对Pst病原体群体的毒性进行持续监测.
研究的目的:
- 描述2020年在中国各地收集的Pst分离物的毒性模式.
- 为了确定流行的Pst种族及其对各种小麦抗性基因 (Yr) 的毒性频率.
主要方法:
- 利用 18 个小麦单基因 (Yr) 线来评估 67 个 Pst 隔离物的毒性.
- 在2020年生长季节,从中国13个省份收集了分离物.
- 根据它们的毒性概况,确定了33种不同的Pst种族.
主要成果:
- 在不同的YR基因中观察到毒性频率的显著变化,范围从1.49%到97.01%.
- 对 Yr8 (95.52%), Yr44 (97.01%) 和 YrExp2 (95.52%) 发现了高毒性频率.
- PstCN-062 (对Yr8,Yr44,YrExp2有毒) 和PstCN-001 (对Yr8,Yr43,Yr44,YrExp2有毒) 是最常见的种族,分别为28.36%和11.94%的频率.
- 没有任何隔离物表现出对 Yr5, Yr10, Yr15 和 Yr32 的毒性.
结论:
- 该研究确定了2020年中国的关键Pst种族及其病毒性谱.
- 这些发现突显了当前Pst种群中特定Yr基因 (Yr8,Yr44,YrExp2) 的重要性.
- 结果为开发耐受性小麦品种提供了关键数据,以有效管理条纹生.
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