随着时间的推移,增加了注意力缺陷/多动性障碍药物的处方和现实世界的结果
Lin Li1, David Coghill2,3, Arvid Sjölander1
1Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
JAMA psychiatry
|June 25, 2025
概括
使用ADHD药物持续降低了自伤,受伤,撞车和犯罪的风险. 然而,随着时间的推移,ADHD药物处方的增加,这些保护作用减弱了.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 在过去的二十年中,注意力缺陷/多动症 (ADHD) 药物的处方率在全球范围内显著增加.
- 增加的ADHD药物处方率对现实世界结果的影响仍然未得到充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查ADHD药物与现实世界结果 (自我伤害,意外伤害,交通事故,犯罪) 之间的关联是否随着处方率的增加而变化.
- 分析随着时间的推移,ADHD药物疗效的趋势.
主要方法:
- 一个基于人口的,自我控制的案例系列研究,利用瑞典国家登记册从2006年到2020年.
- 包括247,420名年龄在4-64岁的人使用多动症药物.
- 在三个时间间隔中,在药物治疗和非药物治疗期间检查的结果,随着ADHD药物使用率的增加.
主要成果:
- 在各种人口统计和时间段中,ADHD药物使用始终与自我伤害,无意伤害,交通事故和犯罪风险的降低有关.
- 无意伤害,交通事故和犯罪的保护性关联显示,随着ADHD药物处方率的上升,统计学上显著的减弱趋势.
- 这种减弱趋势并不能完全由接受多动症药物治疗的个体年龄和性别分布的变化来解释.
结论:
- 治疗ADHD的药物继续显示出与严重的现实世界结果的保护性关联.
- 这些保护作用的程度似乎随着ADHD药物处方率随着时间的推移而增加而减少.
- 在不同患者群体中定期评估ADHD药物的有效性至关重要.
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