黑暗是否会增加某些类型犯罪的风险? 一个注册的报告文章文章
Jim Uttley1, Rosie Canwell2, Jamie Smith2
1School of Architecture, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
PloS one
|June 25, 2025
概括
黑暗增加了28%的某些犯罪的风险,包括盗窃和窃. 这种风险因犯罪类型和地理位置而异,这表明有针对性的照明干预可能是有效的.
科学领域:
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
- 环境犯罪学环境犯罪学
- 城市研究 城市研究
背景情况:
- 之前关于照明和犯罪的研究产生了混合的结果,一些研究表明犯罪减少与视觉条件无关.
- 综合犯罪数据限制了以前的分析,需要简化犯罪类型或地点.
- 个人层面的犯罪数据分析提供了一种更细致的方法来了解黑暗对犯罪风险的影响.
研究的目的:
- 用个人犯罪记录来确定黑夜后与白天相比,犯罪风险是否更高.
- 为了调查不同犯罪类别黑夜后犯罪风险的变化.
- 检查黑暗后犯罪风险增加的地理差异.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自英国警察部队的十年个别犯罪数据.
- 采用案例控制方法,比较白天/黑暗"案例"时间的犯罪数量与全年白天"控制"时间.
- 计算的几率比率来量化黑暗对犯罪风险的影响.
主要成果:
- 黑夜后,犯罪风险总体上升了28% (几率比:1.28,95% CI:1.23-1.34).
- 特定的犯罪类别,包括自行车盗窃,盗窃,犯罪损害,抢劫 - 个人和车辆违法行为,在天黑后风险增加.
- 暗黑后犯罪风险的地理差异被观察到,在172个地区中,有25个地区的犯罪率更高.
结论:
- 黑暗显然增加了特定类型犯罪的风险.
- 黑暗对犯罪风险的影响不均,因犯罪类别和地理位置而异.
- 调查结果支持有针对性的户外照明策略的潜力,以减轻特定地区和特定犯罪的犯罪风险.
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