特殊健康需求儿童的心理健康障碍:基于人口的队列研究,使用加拿大马尼托巴省的相关行政数据
Jennifer E Enns1, Caroline Reid-Westoby2, Gilles R Detillieux1
1Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, Department of Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
在幼儿园发现的特殊健康需求 (SHN) 的儿童在16岁时患上精神健康障碍的几率明显更高. 对这些儿童来说,早期识别和支持至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 15-22%的加拿大幼儿园生有特殊健康需求 (SHN).
- 患有SHN的儿童面临心理健康障碍和相关挑战的风险增加.
- 早期发现SHN对于及时干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定幼儿园发现的SHN儿童在16岁时被诊断患有心理健康障碍的几率.
- 检查特定的SHN类别与心理健康障碍诊断之间的关联.
- 为患有SHN的儿童提供预防策略的信息.
主要方法:
- 在加拿大马尼托巴省使用链接的行政数据进行了回顾性队列研究.
- 在幼儿园就读的 (1995-2020年出生) 确诊的SHN儿童 (2006-2011).
- 分析了16岁时ADHD,情绪/焦虑和行为障碍的患病率,使用后勤回归,调整社会人口统计学.
主要成果:
- 42,766名儿童中有13.8%患有SHN;其中41.0%的儿童在16岁时被诊断出患有心理健康障碍.
- 心理健康诊断的更高几率与行为障碍 (OR 3.27) 和情绪障碍 (OR 2.01) 有关.
- 患有SHN和至少一个障碍的儿童患有精神健康障碍的几率高出1.67倍,经过调整后估计没有变化.
结论:
- 幼儿园的SHN指定是未来精神健康障碍的重要预测因素.
- 调查结果强调了学校为患有SHN的儿童制定有针对性的预防和支持战略的必要性.
- 早期识别SHN可以指导开发全面的心理健康支持.
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