在巴西被剥夺自由的人群中艾滋病毒的流行率,2017-2023年:时间序列分析
Maria Rayssa do Nascimento Nogueira1, Hévila Ferreira Gomes Medeiros Braga1, Vitória Talya Dos Santos Sousa1
1Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Redenção, CE, Brasil.
概括
巴西囚犯的人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 患病率从2017年至2023年总体上增加. 虽然女性的艾滋病毒发病率较高,但他们的艾滋病毒发病率下降,与男性的艾滋病毒发病率上升不同.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 被剥夺自由的人群 (PDL) 面临着独特的健康挑战,包括更高的人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 感染风险.
- 了解监狱内的艾滋病毒流行时间趋势对于有针对性的公共卫生干预至关重要.
- 巴西庞大而多样化的监狱系统需要对艾滋病毒趋势进行特定区域和特定人口统计学分析.
研究的目的:
- 分析巴西被剥夺自由的人群中艾滋病毒传播的时间趋势.
- 检查巴西PDL在2017年至2023年间的艾滋病毒患病率变化.
- 为了确定这一群体内的艾滋病毒流行趋势的人口和区域差异.
主要方法:
- 使用来自巴西国家监狱部门信息系统 (2017-2023) 的数据进行了时间序列分析.
- 分析了艾滋病毒病例和囚犯人口,以及2021年国家家庭抽样调查的社会人口统计变量.
- 加入点软件计算了年度百分比变化 (APC),GeoDa软件分析了与社会经济指标的关联.
主要成果:
- 在PDL的全国艾滋病毒患病率为每1000名囚犯中的10.84,呈现出日益增长的趋势 (APC0.3%).
- 患病率在女性中较高 (23.64/1,000),但在下降 (APC -0.7%),而在男性中较低 (10.15/1,000),但在增加 (APC 0.5%).
- 南部地区患病率最高 (15.12/1,000). 老龄化率,人均收入和经收入调整的MHDI显示出积极的关联.
结论:
- 在巴西的PDL中,艾滋病毒的流行率显示出令人担忧的全国性增长趋势,主要原因是男性的发病率上升.
- 尽管总体患病率较高,但这一群体中的女性在研究期间经历了艾滋病毒的下降趋势.
- 诸如老龄化,收入和人类发展指数之类的社会经济因素与PDL的艾滋病毒患病率有关.
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