概括
新生儿从出生就拥有发达的感官,挑战了历史上的"白板"理论. 有证据表明,胎儿对母亲的声音和气味做出反应,影响了早期婴儿护理实践.
科学领域:
- 围产儿医学 围产儿医学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 从历史上看,胎儿和新生儿的感官能力一直被低估.
- 在当前盛行的.
- 塔布拉·拉萨 (tabula rasa) 是一个有趣的食谱.
- 这一理论表明新生儿缺乏感官感知.
研究的目的:
- 描述关于胎儿和新生儿感官发育的历史理解和证据.
- 挑战已经过时的传统.
- 塔布拉·拉萨 (tabula rasa) 是一个有趣的食谱.
- 有科学证据的理论.
主要方法:
- 关于胎儿和新生儿感官的科学文献和理论的历史评论.
- 对体感,听觉,视觉和嗅觉发育的证据分析. 在子宫和出生时.
主要成果:
- 触觉受体在17世纪被发现,但新生儿感觉不到疼痛的信念一直持续到20世纪80年代.
- 胎儿的听觉发育在怀孕24周后得到证实;新生儿更喜欢听母亲的声音.
- 新生儿表现出人脸的天生的视觉识别和对母亲气味的吸引力.
结论:
- 胎儿的感觉器官在怀孕中期就能发挥作用了.
- 新生儿识别母亲的声音和气味,促进结合,并影响幼儿园环境.
- 科学证据已经推翻了这一说法.
- 塔布拉·拉萨 (tabula rasa) 是一个有趣的食谱.
- 理论,承认新生儿是有意识的个体.
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