在老年人中长期暴露于野火烟雾和心力衰竭风险增加
Hua Hao1, Ke Xu1, Danlu Zhang2
1Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
|June 25, 2025
概括
长期暴露于野火细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 增加了心力衰竭 (HF) 的风险比非野火PM2.5.5更多. 女性和低收入人群等弱势群体面临更高的易感性.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 心血管流行病学心血管流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 是一个主要的全球死亡风险因素.
- 野火烟雾PM2.5可能比其他来源带来更大的心血管毒性.
- 野火烟雾PM2.5对心力衰竭 (HF) 风险的影响还不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 评估长期野火烟雾PM2.5暴露与事件HF风险之间的关联.
- 为了比较来自野火的高温风险,烟雾PM2.5与非火灾PM2.5.5的风险.
- 专注于整个美国的老年人.
主要方法:
- 使用医疗保险数据 (2007-2018) 的回顾性队列研究.
- 将受益人与高分辨率的火灾和非火灾PM2.5暴露估计 (1x1公里分辨率) 联系起来.
- 使用了考克斯的比例危险模型,根据人口统计和社会经济因素进行调整.
主要成果:
- 野火烟雾PM2.5每增加1μg/m3都与HF风险上升1.4%相关 (HR 1.014).
- 这种风险高于非火灾PM2.5 (HR 1.005).
- 估计每年增加20238例HF病例;女性和弱势群体的相关性更强.
结论:
- 长期的野火烟雾PM2.5暴露与非火灾PM2.5.5相比,与HF风险增加有关.
- 女性和社会弱势群体表现出更高的易感性.
- 研究结果强调,需要制定政策来减轻野火烟雾对心血管的影响.
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