结构元素在叙事说服中的重要性:使用叙事沉浸模式来促进黑色素瘤预防
Helen M Lillie1, Jakob D Jensen2, Melinda Krakow3
1Department of Communication Studies, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
概括
当使用特定的故事元素时,关于黑色素瘤风险的叙事健康信息更有效. 一个前言的第一人称视角对幸存者的故事起到了最好的作用,但一个前言的第三人称视角对死亡结果更好.
科学领域:
- 卫生沟通健康沟通
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 叙事理论 叙事理论
背景情况:
- 叙事式健康信息旨在让观众沉浸在故事中,以获得更大的影响.
- 叙述沉浸模型 (NIM) 确定了增强沉浸感的结构元素.
- 诊断叙述经常包含这些沉浸式增强结构元素.
研究的目的:
- 在黑色素瘤健康和风险信息中测试NIM支持的四个结构元素.
- 调查观点和序言的包含如何影响防晒的意图.
- 根据故事的结果 (幸存者与死亡) 检查叙事结构的差异效应.
主要方法:
- 使用实验设计进行了两项研究 (N=455和N=592).
- 参与者接触到黑色素瘤叙述,不同观点 (第一人称与第三人称) 和前言的存在.
- 防晒的意图,识别和可信度被衡量为结果.
主要成果:
- 研究1发现,第一人称叙事与序言导致了最高的防晒意图.
- 第二项研究表明,对于死亡的结果,以第三人称叙述和序言的叙述最有效.
- 在研究1中,识别介导了效应,而在研究2中,可信度介导了效应.
结论:
- 在健康信息中,第一人称叙事声音的有效性取决于背景,并受其他结构元素的影响.
- 叙事结构显著影响健康行为意图,最佳策略因信息框架而异 (例如,幸存者与死亡).
- 调查结果强调了为最大限度地影响公共健康,仔细制定叙事健康和风险信息的重要性.
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