人工智能在一般医学知识方面优于医生,除了儿科领域:一个横截面研究
Joana Miranda1, Raquel Pereira-Silva1, João Guichard1
1Tonic Easy Medical, S.A., 4300-259 Porto, Portugal.
Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 26, 2025
概括
生成型人工智能 (genAI) 在医学知识测试中超过了欧洲各地的医生. 这种先进的人工智能可能有助于对抗医生的知识损失,尽管儿科需要进一步发展.
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 临床实践 临床实践
背景情况:
- 生成型人工智能 (genAI) 在临床环境中显示出潜力.
- 医生的知识保留和特定领域的表现对于患者护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 将GPT-4-turbo虚拟助理的医疗知识与意大利,法国,西班牙和葡萄牙的医生进行比较.
- 分析不同医疗领域的知识与时间的保持和表现.
主要方法:
- 一个数字平台从17144名医生收集了221,574个答案,回答了600个考试问题 (2022年12月 - 2024年2月).
- 医生被按毕业以来的年龄和专业分层.
- 统计分析包括二项逻辑回归和费舍尔精确测试来比较助理和医生的表现.
主要成果:
- 在所有参与国家中,GPT-4-turbo助手的准确度比医生 (46-62%) 高 (72-96%) (p < 0.001).
- 与AI相比,医生在大多数医疗领域表现不佳,除了儿科 (45%对52%,p=0.60).
- 医生的准确性随着年龄的增长而下降,在年龄较大的队列中显示出4-10%的下降 (p < 0.001).
结论:
- 在广泛的医学知识评估中,生成人工智能超过了执业医生.
- 基因人工智能工具可能提供一种解决方案,以减轻医疗专业人员之间的知识消耗.
- 儿科是一个特定的领域,需要进一步改进人工智能模型.
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