过敏儿科患者的复发性感染:免疫系统问题? 一个叙事审查
César Galván1, Rafael Durán2, Cristian Matos3
1Emedic Salud, Lima 15036, Peru.
Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 26, 2025
概括
患有过敏的儿童经常因免疫系统功能障碍而经历反复感染. 这种免疫失衡增加了它们对病毒和细菌病原体的敏感性,特别是在呼吸系统疾病中.
科学领域:
- 儿科过敏和免疫学
- 儿童的传染病 在儿童的传染病.
- 免疫系统功能 免疫系统功能
背景情况:
- 过敏症和儿童复发性感染带来了复杂的临床挑战.
- 免疫系统功能障碍是导致过敏和感染易感性增加的关键因素.
- 呼吸道过敏,如过敏性鼻炎和喘,经常与感染有关.
研究的目的:
- 审查儿科患者中复发性感染和过敏状况之间的关系.
- 检查呼吸道过敏时免疫系统功能障碍如何影响感染风险.
- 综合当前关于儿童过敏和感染之间的免疫相互作用的知识.
主要方法:
- 进行了2014年1月至2024年5月期间出版的文学作品的叙事审查.
- 搜索了包括PubMed,Web of Science和SciELO在内的主要数据库.
- 包括对被诊断患有呼吸道过敏的儿童和青少年 (18岁以下) 的研究,不包括不相关的研究类型.
主要成果:
- 过敏儿童表现出严重的免疫功能障碍,影响先天性和适应性免疫力.
- 过敏性鼻炎和喘中干扰素-的产生减少增加了对病毒 (鼻病毒) 和细菌 (Mycoplasma pneumoniae) 感染的易感性.
- 鼻病毒与75%的喘恶化有关,而Mycoplasma pneumoniae影响了27.1%的亚托邦儿童,而非亚托邦儿童的4.9%.
结论:
- 过敏儿童的反复感染源于免疫功能障碍,包括改变的细胞因子生产和免疫细胞活性.
- 过敏和感染之间的复杂相互作用需要有针对性的治疗来增强免疫反应和减轻感染风险.
- 未来的研究应该确定特定的生物标志物和免疫机制,以改善干预措施.
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