基因组预测和遗传性估计美国霍尔斯坦牛的女儿怀孕率使用SNP,表观和单种型效应
Ruifei Yang1,2, Dzianis Prakapenka1, Zuoxiang Liang1,3
1Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA.
International journal of molecular sciences
|June 26, 2025
概括
添加剂 × 添加剂 (A × A) 的表现效应显著提高了霍尔斯坦牛的女儿怀孕率 (DPR) 预测准确度. 结合添加和A × A效应提供了最好的预测模型,突出显示了表观症在基因组选择中的重要性.
科学领域:
- 动物遗传学动物遗传学
- 量化遗传学 量化遗传学
- 基因组预测 基因组预测
背景情况:
- 预测女儿怀孕率 (DPR) 对乳牛繁殖至关重要.
- 了解遗传效应,包括表现症,是提高预测准确性的关键.
- 之前的研究主要集中在添加效应上,对高阶表观症的研究有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查添加剂,主导性,单元型和表观效应对美国霍尔斯坦牛的DPR预测准确性和表型变异的贡献.
- 确定遗传效应的最佳组合,以准确地进行DPR的基因组预测.
- 评估样本大小对预测准确性的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了五个大型数据集的美国荷尔斯坦牛 (25,827133,934个体) 基因型与74,85575,209SNP.
- 附加性,主导性,单元型和各种顺序的表现效应的估计遗传性.
- 开发了包含不同基因效应组合的预测模型,并评估了它们的预测准确性.
主要成果:
- 只有添加式 × 添加式 (A × A) 经验表现出非零的遗传性;其他经验表现的效应为零.
- 添加剂 (A) 和A × A效应的组合模型实现了最高的预测准确性,比A单一模型提高了4.88%.
- 染色体间的A × A效应主要负责表现作用的贡献;较大的样本大小 (约为81,00090,000头牛) 产生了峰值预测准确度.
结论:
- 添加剂 × 添加剂表皮病是霍尔斯坦牛中DPR预测的重要遗传组成部分.
- 将A × A效应集成到基因组预测模型中可以大大提高准确性.
- 优化培训群体规模对于最大限度地提高DPR基因组选择中的预测性能至关重要.
相关概念视频
Heritability
311
Heritability is a statistical concept that measures the degree to which genetic differences among individuals contribute to trait variations within a population. It is a fundamental idea in genetics, often prone to misinterpretation. Heritability is expressed as a percentage, reflecting the proportion of variation in a specific trait across a population that can be linked to genetic differences. However, it's important to understand that heritability does not determine how "genetic"...
311
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS
14.4K
Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
14.4K
Incomplete Dominance
25.7K
Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
25.7K
Epistasis Analysis
5.3K
Although Mendel chose seven unrelated traits in peas to study gene segregation, most traits involve multiple gene interactions that create a spectrum of phenotypes. When the interaction of various genes or alleles at different locations influences a phenotype, this is called epistasis. Epistasis often involves one gene masking or interfering with the expression of another (antagonistic epistasis). Epistasis often occurs when different genes are part of the same biochemical pathway. The...
5.3K
Pedigree Analysis
85.4K
Overview
85.4K
Punnett Squares
116.7K
Overview
116.7K


