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导航遗传景观:研究跨物种SNP阵列在鱼中的应用机会和风险

Bettina Hegedűs^1,2, Zoltán Bagi¹, Szilvia Kusza¹

¹Centre for Agricultural Genomics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.

|June 26, 2025

概括

有限的遗传数据阻碍了鱼的繁殖. 现有的高密度SNP阵列显示了在非洲和欧洲鱼中跨物种应用的潜力,尽管具有低多态性,但有助于水产养殖.

科学领域:

水产养殖遗传学水产养殖遗传学
基因组选择基因组选择
鱼类养殖养殖鱼类

背景情况:

水产养殖对全球粮食安全至关重要,鱼占鱼产量的很大一部分.
目前的鱼育种计划受到遗传数据不足的限制,限制了它们的生产潜力.
高密度单核酸多态 (SNP) 阵列的开发改善了北美鱼物种的遗传洞察力.

研究的目的:

调查SNP芯片技术在鱼繁殖计划中的不足利用情况.
评估现有的SNP阵列对商业重要鱼家族 (Clariidae和Siluridae) 的跨物种适用性.

主要方法:

对16多个SNP数组和66个非目标物种的系统文献综述.
评估现有的鱼SNP阵列的潜在适应性,以确定非洲鱼 (Clarias gariepinu) 和欧洲鱼 (Silurus glanis) 的基因型.
分析SNP阵列性能,降低过值 (例如,小等位基因频率> 0).

主要成果:

现有的高密度SNP阵列 (Affymetrix Axiom 250K和690K) 显示了在非洲和欧洲鱼中跨物种应用的潜力.
降低过门可以使这些数组的使用,尽管最初的低多态SNP率 (~1%) 和呼叫率 (~0%).
在没有特定物种芯片开发的情况下,SNP阵列的交叉应用是一个可行的短期战略.

结论:

现有的SNP阵列可以帮助改善资源不足的鱼物种的遗传,增强水产养殖和管理.
开发特定物种SNP芯片仍然是最大限度地提高鱼育种中的遗传收益的长期目标.

关键词:

通过SNP阵列验证.它们是状的.跨物种的基因型鉴定.遗传多样性遗传多样性用标记器辅助的选择.

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