阿尔茨海默病的诊断和预后多式预测模型:一个范围审查
Xin Xia1, Lukas A Duffner2, Christophe Bintener2
1Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Section for Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD
|June 26, 2025
概括
多模式预测模型对阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 检测和预后有希望. 然而,大多数模型在临床使用之前都需要外部验证.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 生物医学信息学 生物医学信息学
- 医疗成像医学成像
背景情况:
- 多模式预测模型对于阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 检测和预后越来越重要.
- 这些模型整合了各种数据类型,以提高诊断准确度.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查预测目标,预测器,算法和现有的多式联络AD预测模型的性能.
- 涵盖AD的全谱,从临床前阶段到痴呆.
主要方法:
- 在Medline,Embase和Web of Science进行系统的文献搜索,截至2024年1月15日.
- 基于预测目标的预测器,算法和模型性能的叙述总结.
- 包括临床前AD,主观认知衰退 (SCD),轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 和AD痴呆症的模型.
主要成果:
- 最常见的目标是预测MCI到AD痴呆症的进展.
- 分类AD阶段 (SCD/MCI/AD痴呆症) 和检测生物标志物 (粉样蛋白,,神经退行) 是其他关键目标.
- 超过50%的模型实现了AUC>0.8和精度>70%,但66.7%使用了ADNI数据,只有10.1%接受了外部验证.
结论:
- 现有的多式联络模型在预测AD阶段方面表现强.
- 显著的局限性包括过度依赖ADNI数据和缺乏外部验证.
- 用独立数据集进行进一步验证对于这些AD预测模型的实际临床应用至关重要.
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