在可再生溶剂中基于溶液和沉的可再生乙烯酸乳的基态聚合
Dimitrios Apostolidis1, William E Dyer1, Clemens A Dransfeld1
1Aerospace Structures & Materials Department, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology 2629 HS Delft Netherlands b.kumru@tudelft.nl.
RSC advances
|June 26, 2025
概括
本研究介绍了使用可再生单体和溶剂的可持续聚合物的绿色合成. 沉聚合是一种高效的方法,可以从生物质中生产高性能,环保的塑料.
科学领域:
- 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
- 绿色化学 绿色化学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
背景情况:
- 传统的塑料对环境污染作出了重大贡献.
- 来自可再生资源的可持续聚合物对于减少塑料垃圾至关重要.
- 绿色合成过程,包括溶剂选择和净化,对于环保的聚合物生产至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发可再生乙烯乳单体的聚合物绿色合成路径.
- 评估使用可持续溶剂的溶液和沉聚合方法.
- 描述合成的可持续聚合物的特性.
主要方法:
- 使用可再生溶剂 (Cyrene®,γ-valerolactone,2-methyltetrahydrofuran,生物基酒精) 聚合α-甲基-γ-瓦莱龙 (MeGVL) 和α-甲基-γ-布铁龙 (MeGBL).
- 溶液聚合与随后的沉净化与直接沉聚合的比较.
- 聚合物性能的表征,包括玻璃过渡温度 (Tg),可见光透射率和水接触角度.
主要成果:
- 沉聚合使得高效的聚合物回收和溶剂再利用成为可能,与需要额外的净化步骤的溶液聚合不同.
- 通过沉聚合合成的polyMeGVL和polyMeGBL表现出高可见光透射率 (>96%) 和明显的水接触角度 (62°对于polyMeGVL,51°对于polyMeGBL).
- 实现的玻璃过渡温度为99°C的聚MeGVL和94°C的聚MeGBL.
结论:
- 已经建立了一个可扩展和低影响的途径,用于从可再生资源中生产商品聚合物.
- 使用生物基溶剂的沉聚合是一种有效的绿色方法,用于合成可持续的聚合物.
- 合成的聚合物在各种应用中表现出有前途的性能,为循环经济做出贡献.
相关概念视频
01:09Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism
2.8K
The radical chain-growth polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination of polymerization. The polymerization initiates when a free radical generated from the radical initiator adds to the unsaturated bond in the monomer. The unpaired electron of the free radical and one π electron in the unsaturated bond creates a σ bond between the free radical and the monomer. As a result, the other π electron in the unsaturated bond converts this...
2.8K
02:35Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes
8.2K
The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
8.2K
01:10Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview
2.7K
Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
2.7K
01:17Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching
2.0K
The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...
2.0K
01:20Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview
2.2K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
2.2K
01:16Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)
2.7K
Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
2.7K