在精神分裂症第一个发作时,与年轻患者的认知缺陷相关的大脑功能连接
Na Liu1,2, Lihua Xu3, Xiaofeng Guan1
1Department of Psychiatry, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, PR China.
Schizophrenia research. Cognition
|June 26, 2025
概括
早期出现的精神分裂症与更严重的认知缺陷和改变的大脑连接性有关. 这项研究揭示了年轻患者的功能连接性减少,强调精神分裂症评估中的发病年龄.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 认知缺陷是精神分裂症的标志,受精神病发病年龄的影响很大.
- 额叶皮质,海马体和前皮质的异常在早期精神分裂症中被观察到,并且与认知障碍相关.
研究的目的:
- 研究不同年龄发病的第一发作精神分裂症 (FES) 患者在关键大脑区域内认知相关功能连接 (FC) 的差异.
- 确定发病时的年龄是否影响精神分裂症认知缺陷的神经支.
主要方法:
- 招募的第一发精神分裂症 (FES) 患者 (n=24) 和健康对照 (HC,n=29),年龄在18-45.
- 根据25岁的平均年龄,将参与者分为年轻和年长的子组.
- 使用 MATRICS 共识认知电池 (MCCB) 评估认知功能,并使用 CONN 工具箱分析静止状态功能磁共振成像 (rs-fMRI) 数据.
主要成果:
- 在四个组 (FES_young,FES_older,HC_young,HC_older) 中发现了显著的认知差异,FES_young和HC_young组之间的差异最为明显.
- 在FES患者中,右前和右副海马环之间功能连接 (FC) 的减少与认知缺陷有显著的关联.
- 与HC_young对照组相比,FES_young患者在这些区域之间表现出明显较低的FC.
结论:
- 精神分裂症的早期发病与更严重的认知缺陷有关.
- 大脑功能连接的特定障碍与精神分裂症早期精神病发作有关.
- 精神分裂症发病年龄是评估精神分裂症认知和神经功能障碍时需要考虑的关键因素.
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