海洋环境中的微塑料污染:来源,影响和退化
Osamah A Ahmad1, Mamdoh T Jamal1, Hamdah S Almalki2
1Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Journal of advanced veterinary and animal research
|June 26, 2025
概括
微塑料 (MP) 是来自不同来源的普遍海洋污染物. 本综述详细介绍了它们对海洋生物,生态系统和人类健康的生态毒理学影响,并探讨了退化和缓解策略.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 生态毒理学 生态毒理学
背景情况:
- 微塑料 (MP) 是由塑料碎片造成的无处不在的污染物,对海洋环境构成重大威胁.
- 国会议员从外部来源进入海洋生态系统,如塑料废物,陆地活动,航运和大气沉积,其积累受到水产养殖和环境因素的影响.
- MPs对海洋生物的生态毒理学影响得到了广泛的证据,影响了形态,生理,生殖和遗传.
研究的目的:
- 提供海洋环境中微塑料来源的全面概述.
- 阐明微塑料对海洋生物,生态系统,水产养殖和人类健康的多方面的影响.
- 讨论微塑料降解过程,并探索减轻其有害影响的潜在策略.
主要方法:
- 文献综述综合了关于微塑料来源,生态毒理学和降解的现有研究.
- 分析详细介绍微塑料与各种海洋种群的相互作用的研究,从浮游生物到鱼类.
- 检查影响海洋生态系统中微塑料积累和降解的因素.
主要成果:
- 微塑料来源于初级/二级和内部/外部来源,外部来源主导海洋进入.
- 在各种海洋生物中观察到MPs的有害影响,影响生物功能,并导致由于缓慢降解而不断积累.
- 对海洋生态系统,水产养殖和潜在的人类健康构成重大威胁.
结论:
- 微塑料污染是一个关键的环境问题,对海洋生物多样性和健康产生深远影响.
- 了解MP的来源,降解和生态毒理学影响对于制定有效的缓解策略至关重要.
- 迫切需要采取行动,减少微塑料的投入和管理现有的污染,以保护海洋环境和人类的福祉.
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