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声膜降低了 rhesus (Macaca mulatta) 的音声值压力
Mayuka Kanaya1, Rintaro Miyazaki1, Tomoki Yoshitani1
1Ritsumeikan University, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan.
rhesus 的声膜降低了发音所需的压力,并提高了声效. 这些发现表明,声膜增强了发音,使得更大声的呼叫可以在更少的努力下进行.
科学领域:
- 生物声学是一种生物声学.
- 比较解剖学的比较解剖学
- 动物沟通动物沟通
背景情况:
- 声膜是声的延伸,在许多物种中发现,包括非人类灵长类动物.
- 它们在动物发声中的作用和对声音效率的潜在影响已被理论化,但未经实验验证.
- 一项先前的理论研究预测声膜会降低声调值压力,提高声效.
研究的目的:
- 实验性地研究声膜在发音值压力和 rhesus 的声效率中的作用.
- 探索声膜的振动动态及其对声音变化的潜在贡献.
主要方法:
- 切除喉的实验是在两个 rhesus macaque 喉 (Macaca mulatta) 上进行的.
- 在手术切除声膜之前和之后,比较了声调值压力和声效.
- 一个模拟声膜为动态的,状板的计算模型被用来分析振荡模式.
主要成果:
- 手术切除声膜导致了更高的音声值压力和更低的声效.
- 实验显示声和/或膜的周期性和不规则 (可能是混乱的) 振荡.
- 计算模型成功地复制了基于参数设置的周期性和不规则的振荡,例如阻尼比率.
结论:
- 声膜有助于提高声效率,并降低 rhesus 的音声值压力.
- 声膜的存在可能会促进发声的动态变化,可能会使呼声更大,肺部努力减少.
- 模拟表明解剖学或生理学变异可以导致不同的发声模式,突出声膜的适应性.
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