超低温碳酸电解质用于高压金属电池
Weilong Kong1, Heng Zhang1, Yuxin Zhou1
1School of Materials Science and Engineering; Engineering Research Center of High Performance Copper Alloy Materials and Processing, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
ACS applied materials & interfaces
|June 26, 2025
概括
这项研究开发了一种用于金属电池的超低温电解质,使用玛-丁和异丁. 新的电解质增强了离子转移和稳定性在-40°C和4.5V,使电池在极寒条件下能够保持长时间的性能.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 电化学 电化学 电化学
- 储能 储能 储能 储能 储能 储能
背景情况:
- 金属电池 (LMB) 中的碳酸盐电解质在冷温度下面临挑战,包括动力学不佳和界面不稳定性.
- 碳酸盐电解质具有较低的粘度,但氧化稳定性较低,薄膜形成.
研究的目的:
- 为高压LMB设计一个超低温电解质.
- 在冷条件下改善离子转移动力学和氧化稳定性.
主要方法:
- 通过使用-丁 (GBL) 和异丁 (iBN) 制备了一种电解质.
- 加入酸 (LiNO3) 作为添加剂.
- 经过测试,在温度范围从-60°C到-20°C以及4.5V的切断电压下使用LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2电池.
主要成果:
- GBL/iBN 电解质显示出增强的 Li+ 离子转移和氧化稳定性.
- 密集的,离子导电的界面膜在-60°C和-20°C之间形成.
- 一个底体LiNi10.8Co0.Mn0.1O2电池在-40°C和4.5V的450个循环后,实现了88.8mAhg-1容量,77.2%的保留率.
- 在-50°C下,该电池在50个循环中提供了89.7 mAh g-1的电容,保持99%的电容.
结论:
- 结合碳酸盐和酸盐溶剂为超低温LMB电解质提供了一个有希望的策略.
- 开发的电解质在极寒条件下表现出卓越的性能和界面稳定性.
- 这项工作为设计用于要求低温应用的先进电解质提供了洞察力.
相关概念视频
Batteries and Fuel Cells
28.0K
A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
28.0K
Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions
64.1K
Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
64.1K
Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer
42.4K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions.
42.4K
Electrolysis
27.3K
In a galvanic cell, the electrical work is done by a redox system on its surroundings as electrons produced by the spontaneous redox reactions are transferred through an external circuit. Alternatively, an external circuit does work on a redox system by imposing a voltage sufficient to drive an otherwise nonspontaneous reaction in a process known as electrolysis. For instance, recharging a battery involves the use of an external power source to drive the spontaneous (discharge) cell reaction in...
27.3K


