超越年龄和世代:考虑周期效应如何重塑我们对人格变化变化的理解
Lena Roemer1, Cavan V Bonner2, Beatrice Rammstedt3
1Department of Psychology, Michigan State University.
Journal of personality and social psychology
|June 26, 2025
概括
人格特征因年龄,队列和时期效应而改变. 新的研究表明,常见的假设可以掩盖这些影响,这表明这三个因素都会随着时间的推移对人格发展作出贡献.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 人格科学 人格科学 人格科学
背景情况:
- 了解人格特征随着时间的推移而发生的变化,包括解开年龄,队列和时期效应.
- 过去的研究主要集中在年龄差异上,对队列效应的发现混杂,对周期效应的检查有限.
- 年龄,时期和队列效应是相互连接的,这带来了识别挑战和潜在的混估计.
研究的目的:
- 为了证明人格研究中常见的识别假设如何影响年龄,队列和时期效应的估计.
- 应用较弱,实质性信息的假设来改进对人格变化的理解.
- 调查年龄,队列和时期对人格特征的不同和联合影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了四个大规模的重复横截面数据集 (N>200万),涵盖2003年至2022年.
- 采用先进的统计技术来解决人格变化中的年龄时期队列识别问题.
- 从常见与较弱,实质性信息的识别假设中得出的结论进行比较.
主要成果:
- 共同的识别策略显著影响结论,特别是对于代际 (队列) 差异.
- 较弱的识别假设表明,年龄,队列和时期效应共同导致人格特征差异.
- 具体发现包括与队列相关的外向性,开放性和神经病症的减少,以及愉悦性的增加;与外向性,开放性和良心的周期相关的增加.
结论:
- 不恰当的身份认同假设可以掩盖随着时间的推移,人格变化的真正驱动因素.
- 由于过于强烈的识别假设,周期效应可能被错误地归因于队列效应.
- 准确的识别策略对于获得对人格发展多面性质的有效见解至关重要.
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