全球,区域和国家白血病负担:1990年至2021年流行病学趋势分析
Chengjun Hu1, Weifeng Chen1, Ping Zhang1
1Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangyin, Jiangsu 214400, China.
PloS one
|June 26, 2025
概括
全球白血病发病率和死亡率正在下降,但由于人口增长而增加的病例表明整体负担越来越大. 个性化预防和治疗对于这种复杂的癌症至关重要.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 全球健康 全球健康
背景情况:
- 白血病是一种具有四种主要亚型的重大癌症,对全球健康构成重大风险.
- 了解白血病的全球流行病学对于资源分配,临床决策和研究至关重要.
- 分析白血病发病率,死亡率和患病率的趋势对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 从1990年到2021年分析白血病发病率,死亡率和残疾调整寿命年 (DALYs) 的全球趋势.
- 研究不同地区和不同人口群体中白血病亚型的流行病学模式.
- 确定白血病负担的差异,并为未来的公共卫生干预提供信息.
主要方法:
- 使用年龄标准化利率 (ASR) 和估计年度百分比变化 (EAPC) 进行趋势分析.
- 分析了来自204个国家和地区的31年 (1990-2021) 的数据.
- 根据亚型,年龄,性别和人类发展指数 (HDI) /社会人口指数 (SDI) 类别检查的白血病负担.
主要成果:
- 在2021年,白血病在全球约占46万例,320,000例死亡,10.98万DALY.
- 全球年龄标准化发病率,死亡率和DALY率正在下降,而高SDI地区的流行率正在增加.
- 高HDI国家的白血病发病率和死亡率下降,急性髓性白血病 (AML),慢性髓性白血病 (CML),慢性淋巴细胞白血病 (CLL) 和急性淋巴细胞白血病 (ALL) 的年龄分布不同.
结论:
- 尽管白血病发病率,死亡率和DALYs在31年内在全球显著下降,但人口增长预计到2050年,整体负担将增加.
- 白血病影响的区域和国家差异强调了针对性预防和治疗策略的需要.
- 创新和个性化的方法对于应对白血病不断升级的全球挑战至关重要.
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