日本关于儿科急性脑病的全国性研究 (2020年4月至2023年10月):第三项研究的见解
Taku Omata1, Hiroshi Sakuma2, Hiroaki Nagase3
1Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, Yachiyo, Japan.
Brain & development
|June 26, 2025
概括
这项研究跟踪了COVID-19期间在日本的儿科急性脑病变,并注意到出血性休克和脑病综合征 (HSES) 和急性发性脑 (AFCE) 的增加率. 目前的治疗方法包括类固醇脉冲疗法和线粒体尾酒.
科学领域:
- 儿科神经学 儿科神经学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 此前在日本对急性脑病的全国性研究是在2007-2010年和2014-2017年之间进行的.
- 这项第三项研究 (2020年4月至2023年10月) 发生在COVID-19大流行期间,允许对儿科病毒感染和治疗趋势进行比较.
研究的目的:
- 评估日本儿科病毒感染的趋势和急性脑病变的治疗实践.
- 将结果与之前的国家研究进行比较,特别是在COVID-19爆发的背景下.
主要方法:
- 通过向430家医院发送问卷,进行了一项全国性的调查,有241人回复.
- 第二次调查确定了622名符合条件的儿科患者,收集有关背景,综合征分类,致病病毒,治疗和预后的数据.
主要成果:
- 急性脑病变的最高发病率在1岁儿童中观察到,在COVID-19和流感爆发期间达到峰值.
- 出血性休克和脑病综合征 (HSES) 和急性爆发性脑 (AFCE) 的综合发病率显著增加,从1.9%增加到9.1%,可能是由于诊断和COVID-19的增强.
- 常见的致病性病原体包括 exanthem subitum (16.1%),SARS-CoV-2 (15.9%) 和流感 (7.7%). 治疗方法包括类固醇脉冲疗法 (68.9%) 和线粒体尾酒 (42.5%).
结论:
- 这项研究提供了在日本COVID-19大流行期间儿科急性脑病的全面概述.
- 观察到HSES/AFCE发病率显著增加,突出显示了大流行和诊断改进的影响.
- 介绍了当前的治疗实践,包括类固醇脉冲疗法和线粒体尾酒.
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