在诱导多能性期间,线粒体蒂米丁代谢和mtDNA复制数的变化
Hyun Kyu Kim1,2, Yena Song1, Minji Kye1
1Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science, Soon Chun Hyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
Experimental & molecular medicine
|June 26, 2025
概括
研究人员确定了提米丁激酶2 (TK2) 是诱导多能干细胞重编程过程中减少线粒体DNA的关键基因. 减少TK2表达会影响细胞代谢,但抑制TK2会意外地阻碍重新编程.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 代谢过程中的代谢.
背景情况:
- 将体细胞重编程为诱导多能干细胞 (iPSCs) 涉及显著的细胞变化.
- 在重编程过程中,线粒体代谢和线粒体DNA (mtDNA) 拷贝数被改变.
- 导致mtDNA复制数减少的精确机制在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 阐明体细胞重编程过程中mtDNA拷贝数量的减少背后的机制.
- 为了确定参与mtDNA减少的特定基因.
- 调查已识别的基因在iPSC生成和维护中的功能作用.
主要方法:
- 对RNA测序数据集的元分析,以确定与mtDNA减少相关的基因.
- 候选基因的功能性研究,重点是提米丁激酶2 (TK2).
- 在重编程和分化过程中对基因表达模式的评估.
- 使用TK2抑制剂进行实验性操纵.
主要成果:
- 一项元分析确定了与mtDNA减少相关的几种基因,特别是提米丁激酶2 (TK2).
- 在重编程过程中,TK2的表达显著下调,在分化过程中上调.
- 降低的TK2水平与减少的mtDNA拷贝数和iPSCs中改变的代谢概况相关.
- 意想不到的是,TK2抑制损害了体细胞的重编程,这表明了复杂的调节作用.
结论:
- 减少TK2表达是重编程过程中减少mtDNA拷贝数的一个关键因素.
- 降低TK2的调节有助于iPSCs特有的代谢重编程.
- 这些发现表明,TK2的作用与重编程期间的代谢转化密切相关,而不是仅仅驱动mtDNA减少.
更多相关视频
10:47Author Spotlight: High-Throughput Image-Based Quantification of Mitochondrial DNA Synthesis and Distribution
Published on: May 5, 2023
3.8K
06:09Flow Cytometric Analysis of Multiple Mitochondrial Parameters in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Their Neural and Glial Derivatives
Published on: November 8, 2021
4.5K
相关概念视频
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells
1.9K
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
1.9K
Animal Mitochondrial Genetics
8.1K
Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
8.1K
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming
2.3K
Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
2.3K
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming
1.9K
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
1.9K
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
24.4K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
24.4K
