1997年至2019年间在不同生态界面的禽流感病毒的职业风险
Maria Alessandra De Marco1, Alessandra Binazzi2, Paola Melis3
1Wildlife Service, Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy.
Microorganisms
|June 27, 2025
概括
禽流感病毒 (AIV) 可以通过接触受感染的鸟类或受污染的环境感染工人. 本次审查强调了职业风险,并强调了对AIV的工作场所监测,这对公共卫生和流行病预防至关重要.
科学领域:
- * 兽医公共卫生 兽医公共卫生
- * 职业医学 * 职业医学
- *动物传染病流行病学
背景情况:
- *在家禽和野生鸟类中,职业接触禽流感病毒 (AIV) 对健康构成重大风险.
- *了解生态界面和传播途径对于预防工人感染艾滋病毒至关重要.
研究的目的:
- * 确定家禽,野生鸟类和有关AIV的工人之间的生态接口.
- *强调与各种家禽养殖和市场环境中的AIV暴露相关的职业风险.
主要方法:
- *对AIV在工人中的病毒学和血清学研究的系统文献综述.
- *搜索了PubMed和Scopus数据库,查找2019年8月之前发表的文章.
- *分析了94项相关研究 (11项病毒学,67项血清学,16项混合).
主要成果:
- *工人艾滋病毒感染主要与H5,H7和H9亚型有关,病毒学上也报告了H10.
- * 血清学研究检测出暴露于血凝素亚型H4-H11.
- *大型工业农场/市场的工人显示出更高的代表性,而小规模/后院农场的工人则暴露于更广泛的亚型;与H5,H9,H11相关的野生鸟类暴露.
结论:
- *与感染的鸟类或受污染的环境直接接触是职业艾滋病毒感染的主要途径.
- *艾滋病毒的溢出对工人造成严重的健康风险和潜在的流行病威胁.
- * 工作场所监测和早期检测AIV,采用一个健康方法,是关键的公共卫生优先事项.
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