从硬盘中可持续地回收稀土元素:研磨NdFeB磁铁和财务和环境分析
Paweł Friebe1, Tomasz Suponik2, Paweł M Nuckowski3
1KOMAG Institute of Mining Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 27, 2025
概括
从硬盘驱动器中回收稀土元素至关重要. 这项研究优化了铁磁铁的研磨方法,实现了新磁铁生产所必需的细粉末.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 金工业是一种金工业.
- 回收技术的回收技术
背景情况:
- 稀土元素 (REE),如 (Nd), (Dy) 和 (Pr),对于高性能磁铁至关重要.
- 由于REE的可用性有限,因此需要有效地回收废弃电子设备,例如硬盘驱动器 (HDD).
- 目前用于REE磁铁回收的研磨方法通常涉及能源密集型工艺或专用设备.
研究的目的:
- 为从回收硬盘中回收的NdFeB磁铁开发一个优化的研磨方法.
- 确定实现适合重复使用的精细REE磁体粉末的参数.
- 分析回收过程的经济和环境可行性.
主要方法:
- 来自硬盘的NdFeB磁铁使用弗里奇行星磨机用碳化球和乙醇磨砂.
- 研磨时间从0.5小时到15小时以每分钟300转的速度进行,循环操作以尽量减少热量.
- 用激光粒子分析,光学显微镜和X射线衍射分析粉末的特性.
主要成果:
- 确定了最佳的研磨参数,产生了低于5微米的平均颗粒大小 (d50).
- 开发的方法避免了能源密集的预处理和昂贵的专用设备.
- 该研究为从回收材料生产合金的经济和环境评估提供了基础.
结论:
- 成功开发了一种高效且易于使用的方法,用于从电子垃圾中研磨NdFeB磁铁.
- 产生的细粉末适合制造新的磁铁,为循环经济做出贡献.
- 这项研究支持关键稀土元素的可持续采购.
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