隐藏的威胁:由动物传播的病毒及其对公共卫生的影响
Awad A Shehata1, Rokshana Parvin2, Shadia Tasnim2
1TUM School of Natural Sciences, Bavarian NMR Center (BNMRZ), Structural Membrane Biochemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany.
Viruses
|June 27, 2025
概括
动物是超过15,000种病毒的多样化哺乳动物储存库,构成显著的动物传染病风险. 有效的监测和控制对于全球卫生安全至关重要.
科学领域:
- 兽医医学 兽医医学 兽医医学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 哺乳动物学 哺乳动物学
背景情况:
- 动物包括超过2200种,占哺乳动物生物多样性的42%.
- 它们是动物传染病原体的重要储存库,包括病毒,细菌,原生动物和真菌.
- 同人类的动物物种有效地将疾病传播给人类.
研究的目的:
- 审查有关动物传播的病毒性动物病的当前知识.
- 专注于分类学,生物学,宿主协会,传播,临床影响和公共卫生意义.
- 强调早期检测,监测和控制战略的必要性.
主要方法:
- 文献综述综合当前的科学知识.
- 分析动物相关的病毒数据,包括分类学和病毒家族.
- 检查影响疾病爆发的环境和人为因素.
主要成果:
- 截至2025年4月,在32个病毒家族中发现了大约15,205种动物相关病毒.
- 主要的动物性病毒包括来自Arenaviridae,Hantaviridae,Picornaviridae,Coronaviridae和Poxviridae家族的病毒.
- 动物的适应性促进了城市和农村环境中的疾病传播,气候变化和城市化加剧了这种情况.
结论:
- 动物传播的病毒性动物病是全球日益严重的健康威胁.
- 综合控制策略,包括载体控制,卫生和公共教育是必不可少的.
- 采取多学科的方法对于减轻风险和加强公共卫生安全至关重要.
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