克罗地亚历史建筑上的血管植物:生物恶化的驱动因素和保护影响
Alessia Cozzolino1, Riccardo Motti1, Ivana Vitasović-Kosić2
1Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II Via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, Italy.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 27, 2025
概括
克罗地亚文化遗产的生物恶化受血管植物的影响. 高度和地点的保护状况显著影响植被覆盖面,而海拔和靠近海洋的影响与植物有关的风险.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 文化遗产管理 文化遗产管理
背景情况:
- 由生物体引起的生物退化损害了全球约三分之二的文化遗产.
- 血管植物在历史建筑的生物退化中的作用还未得到充分研究,特别是在克罗地亚.
- 了解这些影响对于有效的遗产保护至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估克罗地亚历史建筑上的危害性血管菌群.
- 分析环境 (海距离,海拔,暴露) 和人为 (保护状况) 因素的影响.
- 评估血管植物带来的生物恶化风险.
主要方法:
- 在克罗地亚的城堡,塔楼和考古遗址上对血管植物的现场评估.
- 环境因素的分析:海距离,海拔和暴露.
- 网站保护状况和维护干预措施的评估.
- 植物覆盖面的计算,香农指数 (花多样性) 和危害指数 (HI).
主要成果:
- 植被覆盖面和植物多样性受到海拔高度和保护状况的重大影响.
- 植被覆盖面减少了67.75%,从"不存在"到"优秀"的保护状况 (p < 0.001).
- 植物生命形式显示与维护干预相关的变化.
- 危险指数 (HI) 显示了基于海拔和海拔距离的重大风险差异,在海拔中段 (150-300米) 达到顶峰.
结论:
- 高度和保护状况是克罗地亚遗产遗址血管植物殖民和生物退化的主要驱动因素.
- 中等海拔地区和靠近大海的地区存在血管植物生物退化风险最高.
- 这些发现需要有针对性的保护战略,以减轻植物对克罗地亚文化遗产的损害.
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