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Updated: Sep 18, 2025

Rapid Molecular Detection and Differentiation of Influenza Viruses A and B

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对照选择中的偏见与在流感疫苗有效性研究中使用快速测试有关

Eero Poukka^1,2, Caitriona Murphy³, Loretta Mak³

¹Department of Public Health, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland.

International journal of epidemiology

|June 27, 2025

概括

在流感疫苗有效性 (VE) 研究中的快速测试可能导致错误分类偏差. 需要新的方法来改善流感和其他呼吸道病毒的VE监测.

科学领域:

流行病学流行病学
疫苗学疫苗学疫苗学
传染性疾病传染性疾病

背景情况:

使用快速检测流感疫苗有效性 (VE) 的试验负设计 (TND) 研究容易因诊断准确性不完善而导致病例控制错误分类.
不完善的快速测试可能无法排除感染其他流感类型或疫苗可预防的呼吸道病毒的个体,从而引入对照组的偏差.

研究的目的:

通过使用TND与快速测试来调查流感VE估计中的偏差.
为了评估2023/24季节性流感疫苗接种的VE,考虑到诊断准确性的限制.

主要方法:

在香港 (2023年12月至2024年8月) 进行了一项TND研究,涉及年龄≥6个月的门诊患者.
对于PCR和快速测试确认的流感A和B,估计VE,不包括其他流感类型和SARS-CoV-2.
进行了针对混因子和COVID-19疫苗接种状态进行调整的分析.

主要成果:

针对甲型流感的PCR确认的VE为49% (95%CI为26-65%) 和针对B型流感的VE为65% (95%CI为35%-81%).
对COVID-19疫苗接种进行调整后,产生了类似的VE估计值.
使用快速测试来确定病例控制状态和排除情况,将VE估计减少了5%-15%的百分点.

结论:

在TND研究中,快速测试的敏感性降低会影响病例对照分类和对照组排除.
开发新方法对于准确监测流感,COVID-19和RSV在参与队列中的VE至关重要.

关键词:

这是一个PCR试验.偏见偏见偏见偏见偏见流感流感流感流感流感快速测试快速测试快速测试快速测试测试负面的设计.疫苗的有效性疫苗的有效性

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