部署作为鼻科疾病的风险因素:系统审查和元分析
Erin E Briggs1,2, Nathaniel J Schlosser3, Shaun A Nguyen1
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, United States.
Military medicine
|June 27, 2025
概括
军事部署显著增加了空气道疾病的风险,包括慢性鼻炎 (CRS) 和喘,在现役服役人员 (ADSM). 这些发现突出了部署人员的关键健康问题.
科学领域:
- 军事医学 军事医学
- 呼吸系统健康 呼吸系统健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 部署到国外的军事基地是现役服役人员 (ADSM) 的常见情况.
- 以前的研究表明,部署和呼吸道疾病之间存在潜在联系,但具体的风险因素和患病率需要进一步调查.
- 了解这些风险对于优化军事人员的医疗保健至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定军事部署是ADSM中上下呼吸道疾病的风险因素.
- 探索在部署的人群中导致气道病理的潜在暴露.
- 强调现有文献的临床意义和局限性.
主要方法:
- 在CINAHL,Cochrane图书馆,PubMed和Scopus数据库中进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 包括到2024年7月发表的研究,重点关注ADSM上呼吸道疾病.
- 测量的主要结果包括患病率,比例的平均差异 (Δ) 和风险比率 (RR) 以95%的置信区间 (CI) 为慢性鼻炎 (CRS),过敏性鼻炎 (AR),支气管炎和喘等疾病.
主要成果:
- 分析了包括2,789,222个ADSM在内的10项研究.
- 与未部署的同行相比,部署的ADSM表现出明显更高的CRS流行率 (8.26%对5.60%) 和3.02倍的风险增加.
- 在部署的ADSM中,对AR (RR=2.68),支气管炎 (RR=4.55) 和喘 (RR=2.5) 也观察到显著增加的风险.
结论:
- 部署的ADSM显示慢性鼻炎 (CRS) 和未指明的鼻疾病的发生率显著更高.
- 过敏性鼻炎 (AR),支气管炎和喘的患病率在部署的服务人员中也显著增加.
- 这些发现强调了部署对军事人员呼吸系统健康的重大影响.
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